Used in biochemical research as a metabolite associated with cellular metabolism, particularly in studies related to the Krebs cycle and mitochondrial function. It serves as a biomarker in certain metabolic disorders and cancers, especially in diagnosing and understanding isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant tumors. Elevated levels are linked to 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria, a rare neurometabolic disease, making it important in clinical diagnostics and genetic screening. Also utilized in studies exploring epigenetic regulation, as it can inhibit α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, influencing DNA and histone methylation processes.