N-Amyl nitrate, also known as pentyl nitrate, is an organic nitrate ester primarily used as a chemical intermediate and nitrating agent in the synthesis of nitro compounds. These compounds find applications in the production of explosives, pharmaceuticals, dyes, and other specialty chemicals. It is also employed as a fuel additive, particularly as a cetane number improver in diesel fuels to enhance combustion efficiency and reduce emissions. In laboratory research, it is utilized to study nitrate ester chemistry and oxidation reactions. Due to its strong oxidizing properties, amyl nitrate is potentially explosive when heated or shocked and is toxic upon inhalation or skin contact, requiring strict handling precautions. It is not approved for medical use as a vasodilator, unlike the related amyl nitrite.