NU7441 is primarily utilized in research settings as a potent and selective inhibitor of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK). Its application is significant in the study of DNA repair mechanisms, particularly in the context of cancer research. By inhibiting DNA-PK, NU7441 helps researchers understand the role of this enzyme in non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), a critical pathway for repairing DNA double-strand breaks. This knowledge is crucial for developing strategies to enhance the efficacy of radiation therapy and certain chemotherapeutic agents, as cancer cells with impaired DNA repair mechanisms are more susceptible to these treatments. Additionally, NU7441 is used in preclinical studies to explore its potential as a radiosensitizer, aiming to improve the outcomes of radiotherapy in various cancer types. Its selective action makes it a valuable tool for dissecting the complex processes involved in DNA damage response and repair.