AG14361 is primarily investigated for its potential in cancer therapy, particularly as an inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). PARP enzymes play a crucial role in DNA repair, and inhibiting them can prevent cancer cells from repairing DNA damage, leading to their death. This makes AG14361 a promising candidate for treating cancers with deficiencies in homologous recombination repair, such as BRCA-mutated cancers. It is often studied in combination with other treatments like chemotherapy or radiation to enhance their efficacy. Research is ongoing to explore its full therapeutic potential and optimize its use in clinical settings.