Used in bioconjugation, photoaffinity labeling, and protein crosslinking due to its dual functionality. The aryl azide groups can be photoactivated with UV light to generate highly reactive nitrenes, enabling permanent covalent attachment to nearby biomolecules for studying protein structures and interactions. Additionally, the azide groups support click chemistry reactions, such as copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, for efficient conjugation to alkyne-modified targets. The central disulfide bridge offers a cleavable linkage, ideal for applications like drug delivery systems requiring controlled release in reducing environments, such as intracellular spaces. Commonly applied in protein-protein interaction analysis, tracking protein localization in cells, and synthesis of functionalized biomaterials.