Z-ALA-ALA-OH is primarily used in biochemical research as a substrate or intermediate in the study of enzyme mechanisms, particularly proteases and peptidases. It helps in understanding the specificity and catalytic activity of these enzymes. Additionally, it is utilized in peptide synthesis to create more complex peptide structures for various applications in drug development and molecular biology. Its role in mimicking natural peptide bonds makes it valuable for investigating protein-protein interactions and designing enzyme inhibitors.