| Bone adhesive & cement modifier |
Phosphoserine-modified calcium-phosphate cements (PM-CPC) show 3- to 10-fold higher adhesive strength to wet bone than commercial CPCs, while remaining resorbable. mdpi.compmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov |
Rat femur, rabbit tibia, ex-vivo human trabecular cores |
| Enhanced osteointegration & remodelling |
Addition of 10-15 wt % P-serine accelerates osteoblast proliferation, increases new-bone volume, and speeds full cement resorption to <12 months. researchgate.net |
Sheep critical-size defect |
| Dual “bone + cartilage” fixation |
A 2024 study combined PM-CPC with a phosphoserine-gelatin hydrogel to glue osteochondral fragments securely in an ex-vivo bovine knee, suggesting a one-step alternative to screws or pins. frontiersin.org |
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| Atomic-level mineral templating |
X-ray crystallography shows P-serine coordinates Ca²⁺ and PO₄³⁻ in a geometry similar to osteopontin and bone sialoprotein, rationalising its strong affinity for hydroxyapatite. pubs.acs.org |
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