Used as a key building block in the synthesis of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) due to its rigid aromatic structure and ability to chelate metal ions. Its dicarboxylic acid groups enable strong coordination with metal nodes, making it valuable in designing porous materials for gas storage, separation, and catalysis. Also employed in the production of high-performance polymers and polyimides, where it contributes thermal stability and mechanical strength. Additionally, it serves as a linker in supramolecular chemistry for constructing extended networks and functional materials.