Used as a key intermediate in the synthesis of organic semiconductors and luminescent materials. Its rigid, conjugated structure supports efficient π-electron delocalization, making it suitable for applications in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and fluorescent sensors. Also employed in the development of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) due to its carboxylic acid functional groups that can coordinate with metal ions. Its extended aromatic system enhances thermal stability and promotes self-assembly in thin-film devices.