ML241 hydrochloride is a selective inhibitor of the deubiquitinating enzyme USP30, which plays a role in regulating mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy. Its primary application lies in research settings, particularly in studies related to Parkinson’s disease and other neurodegenerative disorders where impaired mitochondrial function contributes to disease progression. By inhibiting USP30, ML241 hydrochloride promotes the clearance of damaged mitochondria through enhanced mitophagy, making it a valuable tool for investigating cellular quality control mechanisms. It has also been used to explore the role of ubiquitin signaling in cancer, as dysregulation of deubiquitinating enzymes is linked to tumor growth and survival. Due to its ability to modulate key cellular pathways, ML241 hydrochloride serves as a probe compound in drug discovery efforts aimed at developing therapies targeting ubiquitin pathways.