Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase is widely used in biochemical research to study metabolic pathways, particularly the pentose phosphate pathway. It plays a crucial role in measuring enzyme activity in red blood cells, which helps diagnose deficiencies linked to hemolytic anemia. In industrial applications, it is utilized in biosensors and diagnostic kits for detecting glucose levels and monitoring metabolic disorders. Additionally, it serves as a key enzyme in enzymatic assays to understand oxidative stress and cellular redox balance. Its role in NADPH production also makes it significant in research focused on antioxidant mechanisms and cellular protection.