Harringtonolide is primarily investigated for its potential anticancer properties. It has shown cytotoxic effects against various cancer cell lines, particularly in studies involving leukemia and solid tumors. The compound is believed to interfere with cancer cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting key signaling pathways involved in tumor growth. Due to its complex structure and potent biological activity, it serves as a lead compound in the development of novel chemotherapeutic agents. Research is ongoing to improve its delivery, stability, and selectivity toward cancer cells while minimizing toxicity to normal tissues.