Used in cancer research due to its ability to induce apoptosis in tumor cells through the generation of reactive oxygen species. It acts as a substrate for NQO1 (NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase), an enzyme overexpressed in many cancer types, making it a candidate for targeted cancer therapy. Shows activity against lung, pancreatic, and breast cancer cells in preclinical studies. Also investigated for antiparasitic properties, particularly against Leishmania and Trypanosoma species. Its poor solubility and toxicity profile have led to development of drug delivery systems like nanoparticles and liposomes to improve bioavailability and reduce side effects.