Galanolactone is primarily studied for its potential anti-cancer properties, particularly in inhibiting the growth of certain tumor cells. It has shown activity against breast, liver, and colon cancer cell lines by inducing apoptosis and suppressing cell proliferation. Its ability to modulate signaling pathways such as NF-κB and MAPK makes it a candidate for further research in oncology. Additionally, galanolactone exhibits anti-inflammatory effects, suggesting possible use in treating chronic inflammatory conditions. It is also investigated for its antioxidant activity, which may contribute to cellular protection against oxidative stress. Due to its natural origin and bioactive profile, it serves as a lead compound in the development of novel pharmaceutical agents.