Aerugidiol is primarily studied for its biological activity, particularly its antimicrobial and antifungal properties. It has shown effectiveness against certain Gram-positive bacteria, making it a potential candidate for development in anti-infective agents. Research also indicates that aerugidiol exhibits cytotoxic effects on some cancer cell lines, suggesting possible applications in oncology drug research. Due to its natural origin and structural complexity, it serves as a lead compound in the synthesis of derivatives aimed at enhancing therapeutic potency and selectivity. Its role in microbial defense mechanisms of the producing organisms also makes it of interest in ecological and biochemical studies.