CA-074 Methyl Ester is primarily used in biochemical research as a selective inhibitor of cathepsin B, a lysosomal cysteine protease. It is particularly valuable in studies focused on understanding the role of cathepsin B in various cellular processes, including apoptosis, inflammation, and cancer progression. Researchers utilize this compound to investigate the enzyme's involvement in disease mechanisms, such as tumor invasion and metastasis, by selectively blocking its activity. Additionally, it aids in exploring the potential therapeutic targeting of cathepsin B in conditions like neurodegenerative diseases and arthritis. Its application extends to in vitro and in vivo models to dissect the enzyme's function and validate its significance in pathological states.