Z-WEHD-FMK is primarily used in biochemical research to study caspase activity, particularly caspase-1, which plays a critical role in inflammation and programmed cell death. It acts as an irreversible inhibitor, allowing scientists to block caspase-1 specifically and investigate its function in cellular pathways. This compound is valuable in understanding inflammatory diseases, such as arthritis, and conditions involving dysregulated cell death, like neurodegenerative disorders. Additionally, it helps in exploring the mechanisms of pyroptosis, a form of inflammatory cell death, providing insights into immune responses and potential therapeutic targets.