Pralnacasan is primarily investigated for its potential therapeutic applications in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. It functions as a caspase-1 inhibitor, which plays a crucial role in the regulation of inflammation by controlling the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-18. This mechanism makes it a promising candidate for managing conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and other inflammatory disorders. Additionally, research explores its use in addressing sepsis and other conditions where excessive inflammation is a key factor. Its ability to modulate inflammatory responses offers potential benefits in reducing tissue damage and improving outcomes in chronic inflammatory diseases.