Used as a crosslinking agent in water-based coatings, adhesives, and textile finishes to improve durability, water resistance, and tensile strength. Enhances film formation and adhesion in emulsion polymers. Commonly applied in nonwoven binders and paper coatings for improved wet and dry strength. Also utilized in leather treatments and as a modifier in polymer emulsions for construction materials. Requires careful handling due to reactivity with amines and potential for self-polymerization.