Used in anti-corrosion coatings for metals due to its ability to form a protective layer that prevents oxidation.

Commonly applied in electronics as a conductive polymer in sensors, capacitors, printed circuits, organic transistors, and diodes.

Employed in biomedical devices such as neural probes, biosensors, and controlled drug delivery systems because of its biocompatibility, electrical conductivity, and responsiveness to environmental changes.

Utilized in energy storage, particularly in supercapacitors and batteries, for its redox activity, stability, and fast charge-discharge capabilities.

Also found in actuators and artificial muscles where electrical stimulation induces mechanical movement.

Suitable for electrochromic devices, such as smart windows that change opacity with applied voltage.