Nitecapone is primarily used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. It functions as a catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor, which helps to prolong the effect of levodopa by preventing its breakdown in the body. This combination therapy is particularly beneficial for patients experiencing motor fluctuations, as it enhances the stability of levodopa levels in the bloodstream, leading to more consistent symptom control. Additionally, nitecapone may reduce the required dosage of levodopa, minimizing potential side effects such as dyskinesias. Its application is often considered in advanced stages of Parkinson's disease where optimizing dopaminergic therapy is crucial.