This chemical is widely used as a vital component in biochemical assays, particularly for measuring cell viability and cytotoxicity. It acts as a redox indicator, where it is reduced by metabolically active cells to form a colored formazan product, which can be quantified spectrophotometrically. This makes it a key reagent in assays like the MTT assay, MTS assay, and other tetrazolium-based tests. Its sensitivity and reliability in detecting cellular metabolic activity have made it a standard tool in drug screening, cancer research, and toxicology studies. Additionally, its water-soluble nature allows for easier handling and application in various experimental setups.