Orcinol monohydrate is widely used in biochemical research as a reagent for the detection of pentoses and polysaccharides. It plays a crucial role in the Bial's test, where it helps identify the presence of RNA by reacting with furfural derivatives to produce a characteristic green color. In the field of microbiology, it is employed to study carbohydrate metabolism in various microorganisms. Additionally, orcinol monohydrate is utilized in the synthesis of dyes and pharmaceuticals, serving as an intermediate in the production of complex organic compounds. Its ability to act as a pH indicator further extends its application in analytical chemistry for monitoring reactions and solutions.