Used extensively in chromatography for the separation and purification of complex mixtures in both analytical and preparative scales. It serves as a stationary phase in column chromatography, enabling the separation of compounds based on their polarity and molecular size. In layer chromatography, it is applied as a thin layer on plates to facilitate the identification and quantification of substances. Its high surface area and porosity make it ideal for adsorbing and separating a wide range of organic and inorganic compounds, including pharmaceuticals, natural products, and biochemicals. Additionally, it is employed in the purification of proteins, peptides, and nucleic acids in biochemical research. Its versatility and efficiency make it a critical tool in laboratories for quality control, research, and development.