Used primarily as a high-performance binder in battery electrodes, especially in lithium-ion batteries. Its carboxylic acid groups enhance adhesion to metal oxide surfaces and improve dispersion stability in aqueous systems. Offers strong binding properties with lower swelling compared to standard PVC, contributing to better electrode integrity during charge-discharge cycles. Also utilized in specialty coatings and films where improved polarity, compatibility, and chemical resistance are required. Common in water-based dispersions for environmentally friendly formulations in industrial and electronic applications.