Used as a derivatization agent in gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to improve the volatility and thermal stability of polar compounds, especially acidic and phenolic substances. Enhances detection sensitivity by introducing fluorinated groups that are easily detectable in electron capture detectors (ECD) or negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry (NCI-MS). Commonly applied in environmental analysis, forensic toxicology, and metabolite profiling for the analysis of steroids, fatty acids, and drugs. Also employed in the synthesis of fluorinated compounds due to its reactive anhydride group and strong electron-withdrawing fluorine atoms.