Used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for treating cancer, this water-soluble compound acts as a photosensitizer. It is typically injected into the body and accumulates in cancer cells. When exposed to specific light such as laser or particular wavelengths, it generates reactive oxygen species that destroy cancer cells. It is particularly effective in targeting localized tumors, such as skin, bladder, or lung cancers, with minimal damage to surrounding healthy tissue. Additionally, it is being explored for antimicrobial applications, where light-activated reactions can kill bacteria or fungi in wound treatment or sterilization processes, as well as for cancer diagnosis and monitoring treatment response. Its water-soluble nature enhances its delivery and effectiveness in biological systems.