ML188 is primarily utilized in research settings as a selective inhibitor targeting the Niemann-Pick C1 (NPC1) protein. This protein plays a critical role in cholesterol transport within cells, and its dysfunction is linked to Niemann-Pick disease type C, a rare genetic disorder. By inhibiting NPC1, ML188 helps researchers study the mechanisms of cholesterol trafficking and cellular lipid homeostasis. It is also used to explore potential therapeutic strategies for NPC1-related diseases. Additionally, ML188 has been employed in virology studies, as NPC1 is a crucial host factor for Ebola virus entry into cells. Inhibiting NPC1 with ML188 provides insights into blocking viral infections and developing antiviral treatments. Its application is largely confined to laboratory research, contributing to advancements in understanding cellular processes and disease mechanisms.