(S)-2-Bromosuccinic acid is primarily used in organic synthesis as a chiral building block for the preparation of various pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals. Its bromine atom and carboxylic acid groups make it a versatile intermediate in the synthesis of complex molecules. It is often employed in asymmetric synthesis to create enantiomerically pure compounds, which are crucial in drug development due to the different biological activities of enantiomers. Additionally, it serves as a precursor in the production of specialty chemicals, including agrochemicals and polymers, where its stereochemistry can influence the properties of the final product.