(S)-4-Chlorobutane-1,3-diol is primarily utilized in the synthesis of various pharmaceutical compounds. It serves as a key intermediate in the production of chiral drugs, where its stereochemistry plays a crucial role in ensuring the desired biological activity. Additionally, it is employed in the development of fine chemicals and specialty materials, particularly in the creation of polymers and resins that require specific structural properties. Its application extends to research laboratories, where it is used in organic synthesis to explore new chemical reactions and pathways.