(R)-Benzyl (1,5-dihydroxypentan-2-yl)carbamate is primarily used in the synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds, particularly in the development of chiral drugs. Its structure makes it a valuable intermediate in the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) that require specific stereochemistry for efficacy. It is often employed in the preparation of beta-blockers, which are used to treat cardiovascular conditions such as hypertension and arrhythmias. Additionally, this compound is utilized in research settings for the study of enzyme inhibitors and receptor modulators, contributing to the development of new therapeutic agents. Its role in asymmetric synthesis is also significant, enabling the creation of enantiomerically pure substances critical for drug development.