(R)-Pentan-2-amine hydrochloride is primarily used in the field of organic synthesis and pharmaceutical research. It serves as a chiral building block for the preparation of various complex molecules, particularly in the development of enantiomerically pure compounds. Its chiral nature makes it valuable in asymmetric synthesis, where it can influence the stereochemistry of the final product. Additionally, it is utilized in the synthesis of bioactive molecules, including potential drug candidates, where the specific stereochemistry is crucial for biological activity. The compound is also employed in the study of enzyme mechanisms and receptor interactions, aiding in the understanding of biochemical pathways and drug design.