This compound is widely used in electrochemiluminescence (ECL) applications, particularly in biological assays and clinical diagnostics. Its ability to emit light upon electrochemical stimulation makes it a valuable label for detecting biomolecules such as DNA, RNA, proteins, and antibodies. It is also employed in research for studying electron transfer processes and as a luminescent probe in cellular imaging due to its stability and strong luminescent properties. Additionally, it serves as a catalyst in photochemical reactions, is utilized in the development of light-emitting devices and sensors, and is applied in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) to enhance the efficiency of converting light energy to electricity.