3-Sulfopropanoic acid is primarily used as a versatile intermediate in organic synthesis. It plays a significant role in the production of surfactants, where its sulfonic acid group enhances water solubility and stability in various formulations. This compound is also utilized in the synthesis of specialty chemicals, including polymers and coatings, where it contributes to improved adhesion and durability. Additionally, it finds applications in the preparation of biodegradable chelating agents, which are essential in water treatment processes to control metal ions. Its ability to act as a catalyst or co-catalyst in certain chemical reactions further extends its utility in industrial processes.