Cobalt (II) citrate dihydrate is primarily used in the production of dietary supplements, particularly those aimed at addressing cobalt deficiencies in humans and animals. It serves as a vital source of cobalt, which is essential for the synthesis of vitamin B12, a nutrient crucial for red blood cell formation and neurological function. In agriculture, it is incorporated into animal feed to promote growth and prevent cobalt deficiency in livestock. Additionally, this compound finds application in research laboratories as a reagent for studying cobalt’s role in biological processes and its interactions with other elements. It is also used in the development of catalysts for chemical reactions, particularly in organic synthesis.