Bismuth selenide is widely used in the field of thermoelectric materials due to its excellent thermoelectric properties. It is particularly effective in converting heat into electricity, making it valuable for applications in power generation from waste heat sources, such as industrial processes or automotive exhaust systems. Additionally, it is utilized in the development of cooling devices that rely on the Peltier effect, where it helps in creating efficient solid-state cooling systems without moving parts. In the realm of nanotechnology, bismuth selenide is explored for its potential in topological insulators, which are materials that conduct electricity on their surface while remaining insulating in their bulk. This property is being researched for applications in quantum computing and spintronics, where it could enable the development of more efficient and faster electronic devices. Furthermore, its layered structure and semiconducting nature make it a candidate for use in optoelectronic devices, such as photodetectors and solar cells, where it can contribute to improved performance and energy efficiency.