Used in infrared optics due to its high transmission in the infrared range, making it suitable for lenses and windows in thermal imaging systems. Also employed in chalcogenide glasses for fiber optics and photonic devices because of its ability to modify glass structure and optical properties. Investigated for use in semiconductor applications and phase-change memory materials owing to its electronic characteristics. Additionally, serves as a precursor in the synthesis of other germanium-containing compounds for specialized electronic and optoelectronic applications.