Teicoplanin is primarily used as an antibiotic to treat serious infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). It is often administered in cases where other antibiotics have failed or are unsuitable, such as in patients with penicillin allergies.

In clinical settings, it is commonly used to treat infections like septicemia, endocarditis, bone and joint infections, and skin and soft tissue infections. It is particularly effective in managing infections in immunocompromised patients, such as those undergoing chemotherapy or organ transplants.

Teicoplanin is also utilized in surgical prophylaxis to prevent postoperative infections, especially in orthopedic and cardiovascular surgeries. Its long half-life allows for once-daily dosing, making it convenient for both hospital and outpatient use.

Additionally, it is sometimes used in combination with other antibiotics to enhance efficacy or to treat multidrug-resistant bacterial strains. Its role in combating antibiotic-resistant infections makes it a valuable tool in modern medicine.