Tobramycin is primarily used to treat serious bacterial infections, especially those caused by Gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It is commonly prescribed for respiratory tract infections in patients with cystic fibrosis, where it helps reduce bacterial load and improve lung function. Tobramycin is also used in eye drops or ointments to treat bacterial conjunctivitis and other ocular infections. In severe systemic infections like sepsis, pneumonia, or urinary tract infections, it is administered intravenously or intramuscularly, often in combination with other antibiotics for enhanced effect. Due to its potential for kidney and ear toxicity, its use is carefully monitored, especially in patients with impaired renal function.