Widely used in biological and biochemical research to maintain stable pH in experiments. Commonly found in electrophoresis buffers for DNA and protein separation, especially in agarose and polyacrylamide gels. Frequently used in cell lysis buffers, nucleic acid purification, and enzyme reaction systems due to its compatibility with biological molecules. Also serves as a buffering agent in pharmaceutical formulations and in the cultivation of certain microorganisms. Its low interference with biochemical reactions makes it ideal for sensitive assays and molecular biology applications.