Used primarily in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, this compound improves glycemic control by increasing insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, particularly in adipose, muscle, and liver cells. It acts as an agonist for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), which regulates genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. It is typically prescribed as an adjunct to diet and exercise and may be used alone or in combination with other antidiabetic agents like metformin or insulin. Its use has declined in some regions due to concerns over cardiovascular risks, but it remains an option for select patients under careful monitoring.