Used primarily to treat bacterial infections in the intestines, particularly traveler's diarrhea caused by non-invasive strains of E. coli. It is also prescribed for reducing the risk of worsening brain function in people with liver disease, a condition known as hepatic encephalopathy. Due to its minimal absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, it acts locally in the gut with limited systemic effects, making it effective for intestinal conditions without widespread impact on the body. Additionally, rifaximin has been studied for use in irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D), where it helps reduce symptoms such as bloating, abdominal pain, and frequent loose stools. Its targeted action and low potential for drug resistance support its role in managing gut-related disorders.