Used primarily as an antidepressant in the treatment of major depressive disorder. It functions by increasing the levels of certain natural substances in the brain, such as norepinephrine, which helps improve mood and feelings of well-being. Also prescribed off-label for conditions like chronic pain, including neuropathic pain, migraine prevention, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults. Sometimes utilized in the management of anxiety disorders and insomnia due to its sedative effects. Has been applied in veterinary medicine for similar conditions in animals. Its effectiveness in reducing symptoms of depression and associated conditions makes it a common choice in long-term treatment plans.