Used primarily in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), especially in patients who are resistant or intolerant to prior therapy including imatinib. It functions as a selective Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor, effectively blocking the abnormal protein that drives the uncontrolled growth of leukemia cells. Nilotinib monohydrochloride monohydrate helps achieve hematologic and cytogenetic responses, reducing the number of leukemia cells in the blood and bone marrow. It is taken orally and is effective in both chronic and accelerated phases of CML. Due to its potency and specificity, it plays a key role in targeted cancer therapy with a generally manageable side effect profile when monitored appropriately.