Used as a mucolytic agent to break down mucus in respiratory conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis. Helps reduce the viscosity of mucus by breaking disulfide bonds in mucoproteins, making it easier to clear from airways. Also used as an antidote for acetaminophen (paracetamol) overdose by replenishing glutathione stores in the liver and preventing hepatotoxicity. Acts as an antioxidant, scavenging free radicals and supporting cellular redox balance. Commonly included in dietary supplements for liver support and detoxification. Investigated for potential benefits in psychiatric disorders, such as bipolar disorder and addiction, due to its role in modulating glutamate and oxidative stress. Used in cell culture and laboratory settings to prevent oxidative damage to cells.