Used in aerospace and defense industries for high-strength, heat-resistant superalloys in jet engines and gas turbines. Enhances the performance of stainless steel and other alloys by improving strength and corrosion resistance. Key component in the production of capacitors for electronic devices due to its ability to form a stable oxide layer. Applied in research and development of superconducting materials, especially in niobium-tin and niobium-titanium alloys used in MRI machines and particle accelerators. Also utilized in specialty coatings and additive manufacturing for high-performance components.