L-Serine is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry as a key component in the synthesis of several drugs, including antivirals and antibiotics. It serves as a building block for peptides and proteins in biopharmaceutical formulations. In medical nutrition, L-Serine is added to parenteral and enteral feeding solutions to support patients with metabolic disorders or those unable to synthesize sufficient amounts naturally.

It plays a role in neurological health and is being studied for its potential benefits in neurodegenerative conditions such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and certain forms of epilepsy. L-Serine is also used in cosmetics and skincare products due to its moisturizing properties; it helps improve skin hydration and barrier function. In cell culture and biotechnology, it is a critical supplement in growth media for mammalian cells, supporting cell proliferation and protein production. Additionally, it is used in some dietary supplements aimed at supporting cognitive function and overall metabolic health.