Used as a biocide in industrial products to prevent microbial growth, particularly in cooling water systems and metalworking fluids. It effectively controls bacteria and fungi, helping to maintain system performance and prevent spoilage. Also employed in the preservation of certain consumer goods, such as adhesives and paints, where microbial contamination is a concern. Its low toxicity and high efficacy make it suitable for water-based formulations. Additionally, it is used in some medical applications as an active pharmaceutical ingredient for treating autoimmune conditions, due to its immunomodulatory properties.