Used as a biocide in industrial products to prevent microbial growth, particularly in cooling water systems and metalworking fluids. It effectively controls bacteria and fungi, helping to maintain system performance and prevent spoilage. Also employed in the preservation of certain consumer goods, such as adhesives and paints, where microbial contamination is a concern. In medicine, it is utilized in the treatment of multiple sclerosis and psoriasis due to its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Its ability to activate the Nrf2 pathway contributes to cellular protection against oxidative stress.