Azithromycin is widely used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including respiratory tract infections such as bronchitis, pneumonia, and sinusitis. It is effective against community-acquired pneumonia caused by organisms like *Streptococcus pneumoniae* and *Haemophilus influenzae*. It is also commonly prescribed for ear infections, throat infections like strep throat, and certain skin infections. One of its key advantages is its long half-life, allowing for shorter treatment courses—often just a 3- to 5-day regimen—improving patient compliance. Azithromycin is particularly useful in patients allergic to penicillin. It is also used in the management of sexually transmitted infections, such as non-gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis caused by *Chlamydia trachomatis*. In addition, it plays a role in preventing and treating *Mycobacterium avium* complex (MAC) infections in immunocompromised patients, especially those with HIV. Beyond its antibacterial use, azithromycin has demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties, leading to its off-label use in chronic inflammatory lung conditions like cystic fibrosis and diffuse panbronchiolitis, where it helps reduce exacerbations and improve lung function.